Angiotensin converting enzyme from pig kidney was isolated by affinity chromatography after solubilization from the membrane by one of four different procedures. Solubilization with Triton X-100, trypsin or by an endogenous activity in microvillar membranes all generated hydrophilic forms of the enzyme as assessed by phase separation in Triton X-114 and failure to incorporate into liposomes. Only when solubilization and purification was effected by Triton X-100 in the presence of EDTA (10 mM) could an amphipathic form of the enzyme (membrane- or m-form) be generated. The m-form of angiotensin converting enzyme (ACE) appeared slightly larger (Mr approx. 180,000) than the hydrophilic forms (Mr approx. 175,000) after SDS/polyacrylamide-gel electrophoresis, and the m-form incorporated into liposomes, consistent with retention of the membrane anchor. The m-form of ACE showed an N-terminal sequence identical with that of preparations of enzyme isolated after solubilization with detergent alone (d-form), with trypsin (t-form) or by the endogenous mechanism (e-form). These data imply that ACE is anchored to the plasma membrane via its C-terminus, in contrast with the N-terminal anchorage of endopeptidase-24.11. No release of ACE from the membrane could be detected with a variety of phospholipases, including bacterial phosphatidylinositol-specific phospholipases C, although an endogenous EDTA-sensitive membrane-associated hydrolase was capable of releasing a soluble, hydrophilic, form of the enzyme.
Isolation and Characterization of Angiotensin Converting Enzyme Inhibitory Peptides from Peach Seed Hydrolysates: In Vivo Assessment of Antihypertensive Activity
